What does the term "judicial activism" refer to?

The term "judicial activism" refers to the belief that courts should interpret the Constitution in a manner that promotes social change and addresses contemporary societal issues. This concept suggests that judges have a role in shaping public policy and advancing social justice, rather than merely interpreting the law in a traditional or strict manner. Judicial activists often assert that the judiciary has a responsibility to protect individual rights and liberties, especially when the legislative and executive branches of government may be unable or unwilling to do so.

This approach contrasts with more conservative views of judicial restraint, which emphasize strict adherence to the text of the Constitution and often advocate for a limited role for the courts in political matters. In this context, judicial activism plays a pivotal role in discussions about the judiciary's evolving function within a dynamic society, positioning it as a catalyst for reform and progress when necessary.